Gödel, Escher, Bach – An Eternal Golden Braid

Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden BraidNovember’s Book of the Month is Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid by Douglas R. Hofstadter (Basic Books, 1979).

This book is about symmetry, self-reference, and other fundamental mathematical ideas explored through the works of the three people named in the title. Despite word-play being a fundamental feature of the book, it has been successfully translated into French, German, Spanish, Chinese, Swedish, Dutch and Russian.
Douglas Hofstadter took over from Martin Gardner writing for the Scientific American. A collection of these writings, Metamagical Themas, is another work that will be of interest.

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Mathematics Today

MathToday2_13cover
October’s site of the month: Mathematics Today

Mathematics Today is a magazine published by the UK Institute of Mathematics and its Applications.

It is a general interest magazine about mathematics intended for those interested in the subject (by christopher). Much material is UK-specific, however it contains many general articles that are downloadable from the website.

 

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Cuentos Con Cuentas

CuentosOctober’s Book of the Month is Cuentos Con Cuentas by Miguel de Guzman (Labor, Barcelona, 1984).

This is also published in English under the title The Countingbury Tales, translated by Jody Doran and published by World Scientific (2000).

Have a look inside.

Miguel de Guzman wrote other similar books, the most well known being Aventuras Matematicas which is also published in Chinese, Finnish, French and Portuguese.

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Trying to predict a floating leaf: chaos and predictions

Jahreszeit__Herbst__Blatt__Baum__rot__farbig__Wasser__schwimmenOriginating author is César R. de Oliveira, Universidade Federal de São Carlos.

What path will a leaf follow floating down a turbulent stream? Is it even possible to make a mathematical model that will predict such motion? Is this the same sort of problem as predicting the path of planets as they move round the sun? Even when we know all the rules governing the motion of an object, and can determine precisely the initial conditions, it turns out that some motions can be predicted and some cannot. And it is not just a matter of complexity: we can model unpredictable systems with very simple equations. In this Vignette we illustrate mathematically the existence of chaotic dynamical systems using the decimal form of real numbers. You will see how the unpredictability can be simply generated. One of the main goals of theoretical models is to make (good) predictions. However, there are deterministic dynamical systems that in practice are unpredictable; they are the so-called chaotic systems. The aim of this text is to discuss how this unpredictability is generated, and the main tool here will be the decimal representation of real numbers.

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How to get rid of quantifiers?

Quantifiers_5Originating authors are Reinhard Oldenburg and Michele Artigue.

How do computer packages do abstract algebraic problems such as proving statements “for all x” or finding whether a Real Number x with certain conditions exists?

Recent advances draw on theorems in mathematical logic, as well as improvements in computing.

High school students learn how to solve problems such as the following: « For what values of the real number c, does the polynomial P(x)=x^2+cx+c have two distinct real roots ? », and algorithmically get the answer: c<0 or c>4. Doing so, they have in some sense, found a way of transforming the sentence expressing the problem (\exists x_1 \, \exists x_2 \, (x_1\not= x_2 and P(x_1)=0 and P(x_2)=0) involving the two existential quantifiers ‘there exists x_1’ and ‘there exists x_2’ into the sentence c<0 or c>4 which no longer includes quantifiers. For what kind of problems is this possible, theoretically but also practically with an effective computer program? In 1938, thanks to a theorem of elimination of quantifiers proved by the logician Alfred Tarski, a decisive step was achieved regarding these questions, but this was not at all the end of the story… READ MORE

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Bridges

Bridges Org

Septembers Seite des Monats ist: Bridges

Bridges ist eine Organisation, die die jährliche Bridges Konferenz über Mathematik und Kunst leitet. Die Seite beinhaltet viele Bilder und Quellen verschiedenster künstlerischer Darstellungen: von Poesie bis zu Modellen, von Tanz bis zu Origami, von Jonglieren bis zur Malerei. Der Reiter -Resources- auf der Homepage enthält Links zu anderen Seiten, die für Lehrer von Interesse sind.

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Mathematical Models

Mathematical Models

September’s featured book of the month is “Mathematical Models” by H.M. Cundy and A.P. Rolett.

This classic was first published in 1952 by Oxford University Press, but was republished in paperback by Tarquin in 1981.

As well as nets polyhedra, it has a wide variety of linkages and dissections, as well as several mechanical models.

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Mathematical Models

Mathematical Models

September’s featured book of the month is “Mathematical Models” by H.M. Cundy and A.P. Rolett.

This classic was first published in 1952 by Oxford University Press, but was republished in paperback by Tarquin in 1981.

As well as nets polyhedra, it has a wide variety of linkages and dissections, as well as several mechanical models.

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Bridges

Bridges Org

September’s site of the month: Bridges

Bridges is an organisation that oversees the annual Bridges conference on Mathematics and Art. It contains images and resources of many different kinds of artistic representations, from poetry to models, from dance to origami, from juggling to painting (by christopher). The -Resources- link on the homepage contains links to other websites of interest to teachers.

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Indra’s Pearls – The Vision of Felix Klein

Indra's_Pearls_book_coverAugust’s featured book of the month is “Indra’s Pearls: The Vision of Felix Klein” by David Mumford, Caroline Series and David Wright.

Wikipedia says:
“The book explores the patterns created by iterating conformal maps of the complex plane called Möbius transformations, and their connections with symmetry and self-similarity.

The book’s title refers to Indra’s net, a metaphorical object described in the Buddhist text of the Flower Garland Sutra. Indra’s net consists of an infinite array of gossamer strands and pearls. The frontispiece to Indra’s Pearls quotes the following description:

In the glistening surface of each pearl are reflected all the other pearls … In each reflection, again are reflected all the infinitely many other pearls, so that by this process, reflections of reflections continue without end.

The allusion to Felix Klein’s “vision” is a reference to Klein’s early investigations of Schottky groups and hand-drawn plots of their limit sets. It also refers to Klein’s wider vision of the connections between group theory, symmetry and geometry.”

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